Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community, Differentiate between origin and insertion, as well as proximal and distal, Explain how agonists, antagonists and synergists work together to control muscle movement. Bsc Functional Anatomy and Biomechanics. The genioglossus depresses the tongue and moves it anteriorly; the styloglossus lifts the tongue and retracts it; the palatoglossus elevates the back of the tongue; and the hyoglossus depresses and flattens it. The muscle origin often describes the more proximal attachment point of the muscle, while the muscle insertion point refers to the distal attachment. This compartment is anterior in anatomical position. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you It divides and allows the tendon of flexor digitorum profundus to pass through at Campers chiasm (tendon split). Therefore, when they contract, the origin pulls the insertion and connected bone closer . Pick a muscle and look up its origin, insertion, and action. It inserts on the distal phalangesof the 2nd to 5th digits and acts to flex the distal IP joints of the fingers. In this article we will discuss the gross (structure) and functional anatomy (movement) of the muscles of the upper limb. Finally, the scalene muscles work together to flex, laterally flex, and rotate the head. It causes flexion of the interphalangeal joint (IP joint) of the thumb, as well as flexion at the metacarpophalangeal joint (MP joint). The layman will refer to the entire upper limb as the arm. All rights reserved. This article will discuss the anatomy of the serratus anterior muscle. It consists mainly of type 2a fibers and provides power and endurance to elbow extension. It is innervated by the median nerve a branch of the lateral and medial cord of the brachial plexus. In our cheat sheets, you'll find the origin (s) and insertion (s) of every muscle. The insertions of these muscles have fibers intertwined with connective tissue and the dermis of the skin. and grab your free ultimate anatomy study guide! flashcard sets. 52 Learners. This is a bony deformity of the finger or toes associated with rheumatoid arthritis and trauma to the end of the extended finger. However, the anatomist knows that the arm or the brachium is purely the region between the shoulder joint and elbow. lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. The scapula has no direct bony attachments to the thorax, so it is held in place and stabilized through muscular attachment. The omohyoid muscle, which has superior and inferior bellies, depresses the hyoid bone in conjunction with the sternohyoid and thyrohyoid muscles. It has both sternocostal and clavicular heads. The sternocostal head arises from the sternum and the superior 6-7 costal cartilages. It is the chief medial rotator of the shoulder and modulates the movement of the deltoid. In addition, you might want to watch our anatomy and physiology lectures on YouTube, or check our anatomy and physiology notes. The particular movement is a direct result of the muscle attachment. Learning anatomy is a massive undertaking, and we're here to help you pass with flying colours. Resulting in the inability to straighten the digit. The neurovascular bundle (intercostal nerve, artery and vein) will separate these two muscles. Origin: Ischial Tuberosity All content published on Kenhub is reviewed by medical and anatomy experts. It inserts onto the medial border of the scapula just superior to the rhomboid major. The nerve supply to this muscle arises from the axillary nerve, a branch of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus. Pectoralis minor muscle:This muscle lies deep to the pectoralis major and arises from 3rd-5th costals sternal ends and its associated fascia (connective tissue surrounding a muscle group). Use the following mnemonic to remember the origins of the biceps brachii muscle. This mnemonic recalls the four intrinsic muscles of the hand innervated by the median nerve, whereas all the other intrinsic muscles are ulnar nerve: F: flexor pollicis brevis. What are you waiting for? Print Muscle Origin and Insertion: Definition and Actions Worksheet 1. Do you find it difficult to memorize the muscles of the hand? These insert into the 2nd - 5th proximal phalanges. Conversely, you can say the elbow is proximal to the wrist. This muscle divides the neck into anterior and posterior triangles when viewed from the side (Figure 11.4.8). The Nervous System and Nervous Tissue, Chapter 13. Hypothenar eminence:It consists of the flexor digiti minimi brevis, the abductor digiti minimi brevis, and the opponens digiti minimi. 1. Extensor indicis proprius muscle:This muscle arises from the posterior distal 3rd of the ulna and interosseous membrane and inserts onto the middle and distal phalanx of the index finger. , My origin is the iliac crest, posterior sacrum, inferior lumbar, and sacral spinous processes. Action: Extends thigh, flexes leg, Narrower than semimembranosus F lexor digitorum profundus muscle:It rises from the anterior proximal surface of the ulna and adjacent interosseous membrane and deep fascia of the forearm. It is best studied broken down into its components: regions, joints, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels. There are numerous muscles in this compartment. The Colles fracture is a fracture of the distal radius (within two centimetres of the wrist joint) with associated dorsal translocation of the distal fragment. The scapular region lies on the posterior surface of the thoracic wall. This muscle chart eBook covers the following regions: This eBook contains high-quality illustrations and validated information about each muscle. An easy way to remember this little fact is to keep in mind the following mnemonic. A. Muscles of the Head and Neck. It acts as a weak flexor of the wrist and tenses the palmar aponeurosis (fascia) during grip. These different roles can be described as agonists (or prime movers), antagonists, or synergists. Next to each muscle, youll find its origin(s), insertion(s), innervation(s) and function(s). I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. The muscle has dual innervation. S: supraspinatus I: infraspinatus T: teres minor S: subscapularis With 'SITS', recalling this order also helps remember the insertions of these muscles, with the order being superior, middle, and inferior facets of the greater tubercle of the humerus for supraspinatus, infraspinatus and teres minor respectively and . It also has a role in stabilizing the humerus and part of the rotator cuff of four muscles. It passes anteriorly and around the thoracic cage as if wrapping. For . Muscle Name or Group Origin Insertion Action. It arises from the occipital bones, occipital protuberance and nuchal lines, as well as the spinous processes of C7 through T12. Forearm muscle origins on humerus: Supinator, Medial Tricep, Lateral Tricep, Pronator, Brachialis. The transversospinales muscles run from the transverse processes to the spinous processes of the vertebrae. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. The forearm is the region between the elbow and thewrist and is composed of an extensor and flexor compartment. Additional muscles of facial expression are presented in Figure 11.4.2. All rights reserved. 1 / 24. The upper limb(upper extremity) is truly a complex part of human anatomy. Here I discuss an alternative way to learn muscles and their origin(s), insertion(s), and action(s).Key Takeaways. The third group, the spinalis group, comprises the spinalis capitis (head region), the spinalis cervicis (cervical region), and the spinalis thoracis (thoracic region). It is also innervated by the median nerve. Do you want an efficient way to remember the arm muscles? Insertion: Head of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia Themedial pterygoid and lateral pterygoid muscles provide assistance in chewing and moving food within the mouth by moving the mandible laterally and medially to grind food between the molars. Let's take a look at an example. The muscle then descends inferiorly to insert into the radial tuberosity of the radius as well as help create the bicipital aponeurosis, an expansion that inserts into the deep fascia of the forearm and onto the ulna. Memorize Muscles, Origins, and Insertions with Cartoons and Mnemonics: 46 Muscles of the Lower Quadrant [Print Replica] Kindle Edition by Byron Moffett (Author) Format: Kindle Edition 24 ratings See all formats and editions Kindle $9.99 Read with Our Free App The middle fibers retract (adduct). The segmental muscles include the interspinales and intertransversarii. With these movements, you can feel the action of the corrugator supercilli. The anterior muscles - such as the quadriceps femoris, iliopsoas, and sartorius, work as a group to flex the thigh at the hip and extend the leg at the knee. The transversospinales include the semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, semispinalis thoracis, multifidus, and rotatores. The problem? This happens due to overuse, such as with a competitive swimmer or shotput thrower. The dorsal interossei cause abduction of the fingers and the palmar interossei cause adduction of the fingers. The biceps brachii is the agonist in forearm flexion. laterally rotates the femur with hip extension, flexes humerus, antagonist of supraspinatus It acts as an adductor (to add to the body), assists in extension and medial rotation, as well as stabilization of the scapula. This injury is commonly called baseball finger. The muscle causes flexion of the wrist and ulnar deviation when its acts with extensor carpi ulnaris. Register now Its supinating effect are maximal when the elbow is extended. View Origin and Insertion points as a layer map Origin and Insertion points are available as a layer of the Skeletal System, which show a map of all attachment points across the full skeleton. They both arise from the medial epicondyle, with the radialis inserting onto the base of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpals, and the ulnaris into the pisiform, hook of hamate and base of the 5th metacarpal. The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation, Chapter 21. 1.2 Structural Organization of the Human Body, 2.1 Elements and Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter, 2.4 Inorganic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning, 2.5 Organic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning, 3.2 The Cytoplasm and Cellular Organelles, 4.3 Connective Tissue Supports and Protects, 5.3 Functions of the Integumentary System, 5.4 Diseases, Disorders, and Injuries of the Integumentary System, 6.6 Exercise, Nutrition, Hormones, and Bone Tissue, 6.7 Calcium Homeostasis: Interactions of the Skeletal System and Other Organ Systems, 7.6 Embryonic Development of the Axial Skeleton, 8.5 Development of the Appendicular Skeleton, 10.3 Muscle Fiber Excitation, Contraction, and Relaxation, 10.4 Nervous System Control of Muscle Tension, 10.8 Development and Regeneration of Muscle Tissue, 11.1 Describe the roles of agonists, antagonists and synergists, 11.2 Explain the organization of muscle fascicles and their role in generating force, 11.3 Explain the criteria used to name skeletal muscles, 11.4 Axial Muscles of the Head Neck and Back, 11.5 Axial muscles of the abdominal wall and thorax, 11.6 Muscles of the Pectoral Girdle and Upper Limbs, 11.7 Appendicular Muscles of the Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limbs, 12.1 Structure and Function of the Nervous System, 13.4 Relationship of the PNS to the Spinal Cord of the CNS, 13.6 Testing the Spinal Nerves (Sensory and Motor Exams), 14.2 Blood Flow the meninges and Cerebrospinal Fluid Production and Circulation, 16.1 Divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System, 16.4 Drugs that Affect the Autonomic System, 17.3 The Pituitary Gland and Hypothalamus, 17.10 Organs with Secondary Endocrine Functions, 17.11 Development and Aging of the Endocrine System, 19.2 Cardiac Muscle and Electrical Activity, 20.1 Structure and Function of Blood Vessels, 20.2 Blood Flow, Blood Pressure, and Resistance, 20.4 Homeostatic Regulation of the Vascular System, 20.6 Development of Blood Vessels and Fetal Circulation, 21.1 Anatomy of the Lymphatic and Immune Systems, 21.2 Barrier Defenses and the Innate Immune Response, 21.3 The Adaptive Immune Response: T lymphocytes and Their Functional Types, 21.4 The Adaptive Immune Response: B-lymphocytes and Antibodies, 21.5 The Immune Response against Pathogens, 21.6 Diseases Associated with Depressed or Overactive Immune Responses, 21.7 Transplantation and Cancer Immunology, 22.1 Organs and Structures of the Respiratory System, 22.6 Modifications in Respiratory Functions, 22.7 Embryonic Development of the Respiratory System, 23.2 Digestive System Processes and Regulation, 23.5 Accessory Organs in Digestion: The Liver, Pancreas, and Gallbladder, 23.7 Chemical Digestion and Absorption: A Closer Look, 25.1 Internal and External Anatomy of the Kidney, 25.2 Microscopic Anatomy of the Kidney: Anatomy of the Nephron, 25.3 Physiology of Urine Formation: Overview, 25.4 Physiology of Urine Formation: Glomerular Filtration, 25.5 Physiology of Urine Formation: Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion, 25.6 Physiology of Urine Formation: Medullary Concentration Gradient, 25.7 Physiology of Urine Formation: Regulation of Fluid Volume and Composition, 27.3 Physiology of the Female Sexual System, 27.4 Physiology of the Male Sexual System, 28.4 Maternal Changes During Pregnancy, Labor, and Birth, 28.5 Adjustments of the Infant at Birth and Postnatal Stages. Learn Muscles for Massage Our online MBLEx Course is designed to help massage students learn and memorize all the muscles of the body (origins, insertions and actions). There are relatively few muscles which its movements and function are easy to learn. The iliocostalis group includes the iliocostalis cervicis, associated with the cervical region; the iliocostalis thoracis, associated with the thoracic region; and the iliocostalis lumborum, associated with the lumbar region. Find it on your own body if you can. The blood supply to the bone runs distal to proximal, as the nutrient branch of the radial artery enters at the distal pole, and runs proximally. It acts to pronate the forearm and weakly flex the elbow. When movement of a body part occurs, muscles work in groups rather than individually. Opponens pollicis acts to oppose the thumb with the other digits (rotation of the thumb to pulp of the other fingers and not just flex across the palm). Dimitrios Mytilinaios MD, PhD By accessing any content on this site or its related media channels, you agree never to hold us liable for damages, harm, loss, or misinformation. Flexor carpi muscles: In the superficial layer of the forearm is where we find flexor carpi radialis, and flexor carpi ulnaris. We will use examples to describe how the origin and insertion affect the action of a skeletal muscle. Describe the muscles of the anterior neck. I feel like its a lifeline. Registered Nurse, Free Care Plans, Free NCLEX Review, Nurse Salary, and much more. The movement of the eyeball is under the control of the extra ocular (extrinsic) eye muscles, which originate from the bones of the orbitand insert onto the outer surface of the white of the eye. Brachialis muscle:This is the deep primary flexor of the elbow and arises from the lower part of the anterior surface of the humerus. There are several small facial muscles, one of which is the corrugator supercilii, which is the prime mover of the eyebrows. The genioglossus (genio = chin) originates on the mandible and allows the tongue to move downward and forward. Like how the sartorious muscle is the only . Muscle memory is a form of procedural memory that involves consolidating a specific motor task into memory through repetition, which has been used synonymously with motor learning. Agonist Muscle Contraction & Examples | What Are Agonist Muscles? Each of these muscles has a name; for example, again, the biceps brachii and now the triceps brachii, responsible for both forearm flexion and forearm extension, respectively. It is innervated by the posterior interosseous branch. It is innervated by the deep branch of the radial nerve. Our muscle anatomy charts make it easier by listing them clearly and concisely. Extrinsic tongue muscles insert into the tongue from outside origins, and the intrinsic tongue muscles insert into the tongue from origins within it. Subjects: action comments insertion muscles nerve origin skeletal . The semispinalis muscles include the semispinalis capitis, the semispinalis cervicis, and the semispinalis thoracis. This necrosis lead to a flattened thenar eminence (thumb mound palmar surface). It also acts as an extensor of the wrist and radial deviator. The flexor pollicis brevis acts to flex the thumb at the 1st MP joint and is innervated by the median nerve. The nerve supply arises from the suprascapular nerve (upper and lower), which arises from the unification of the anterior rami of spinal nerves C5 and C6(C = cervical). The scaphoid bone forms the floor of the anatomical snuffbox and articulates with the radius at the wrist. Molly Smith DipCNM, mBANT Most anatomy courses will require that you at least know the name and location of the major muscles, though some anatomy courses will also require you to know the function (or action), the insertion and origin, and so on. The scalene muscles include the anterior scalene muscle (anterior to the middle scalene), the middle scalene muscle (the longest, intermediate between the anterior and posterior scalenes), and the posterior scalene muscle (the smallest, posterior to the middle scalene). This deep muscle arises from the coracoid process of the scapula and inserts onto the medial surface of the humeral diaphysis (shaft). It acts to draw the scapula lateral, forward, downward, and stabilizes the scapula. Why not cut your time in half by studying with our upper limb muscle anatomy chart? Finally, a reliable source (and good looking too!). By the end of this section, you will be able to: Identify the following muscles and give their origins, insertions, actions and innervations: The skeletal muscles are divided into axial (muscles of the trunk and head) and appendicular (muscles of the arms and legs) categories. The thyrohyoid muscle also elevates the larynxs thyroid cartilage, whereas the sternothyroid depresses it. In most cases, one end of the muscle is fixed in its position, while the other end moves during contraction. It passes laterally to insert onto the lesser tubercle of the humerus. There are numerous muscles in this compartment as well. It is innervated by the medial (C8-T1) and lateral (C5-C7) pectoral nerves. A rule of thumb is that any muscle tendon that crosses a joint will act on that joint. (Superior part: Anterior surface of superior angle. A: abductor pollicis brevis. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 88,000 2023 Naming Skeletal Muscles | How are Muscles Named? It commonly follows a FOSH. It inserts onto the crest of greater tubercle of the humerus. Many muscles are attached to bones at either end via tendons. Reading time: 3 minutes. The longus is innervated by the radial nerve and the brevis by the posterior interosseous branch. | 15 Its supinating effect are maximal when the elbow is flexed. Its action is elevation of the scapula as well as superior rotation of the scapula. It arises from the trapezium and transverse carpal ligament. Raise your eyebrows as if you were surprised and lower your eyebrows as if you were frowning. When they contract bilaterally, the head flexes or extends. Chapter 1. Manifestations are limited movement of the shoulder and severe pain. Rather, antagonist contraction controls the movement by slowing it down and making it smooth. Insertion: Crest of lesser tubercle of humerus Action: Extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm (spirals underarm to front . If the place is on the bone that moves during the action, the attachment is called an insertion. It controls extension, lateral flexion, and rotation of the vertebral column, and maintains the lumbar curve. It is innervated by the axillary nerve. As the muscles pass anteriorly to the MP joints and insert they cause flexion of the MP joint and extension of the IP joints. origin: tip of the coracoid process The palatoglossus originates on the soft palate to elevate the back of the tongue, and the hyoglossus originates on the hyoid bone to move the tongue downward and flatten it. Our opposable thumb is essential to our advancement as a species. Last reviewed: July 22, 2022 The triceps is the antagonist, and its action opposes that of the agonist. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. It acts as an abductor of the shoulder, and inserts onto the superior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus. Most skeletal muscles create movement by actions on the skeleton. The axial muscles are grouped based on location, function, or both. For example, that same muscle, the biceps brachii, performs flexion at the elbow, in which the elbow is the joint. Curated learning paths created by our anatomy experts, 1000s of high quality anatomy illustrations and articles. This results in a restricted range of motion. It is innervated by the C3 & C4 and the accessory nerve (cranial nerve 11 = CN11). Validated and aligned with popular anatomy textbooks, these muscle cheat sheets are packed with high-quality illustrations. Action: external rotator of the thigh Do you struggle with straight memorization? The patient will present with tenderness within the anatomical snuffbox. It acts to extend the wrist and also contributes to radial deviation of the wrist. insertion: spinus process of scapula We will also discuss the clinical relevance of the upper limb. Muscles always pull. Those in the same compartment will have the same action. Enter your email address below and hit "Submit" to receive free email updates and nursing tips. Most common manifestations are pain, swelling, and deformity at the joint. It pronates the radius and is innervated by the anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve. See our full, Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pocket (Opens in new window), Click to share on Telegram (Opens in new window), Click to share on Skype (Opens in new window), IV Drug Use Complications & Dangers: (Endocarditis, Infection, Infectious Diseases). Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. Weve created muscle anatomy charts for every muscle containing region of the body: Each chart groups the muscles of that region into its component groups, making your revision a million times easier. It inserts onto the ulnar aspect of the 5th proximal phalanx. Extensor digiti minimi muscle:This muscle arises from the anterior surface of the lateral epicondyle of the humerus. Teres minor:This muscle arises from the lateral border of the scapula and inserts onto the greater tubercle of the humerus. For this reason, the anatomy of the upper limb from the aspect of muscles will be reviewed topographically. The common extensor origin is the lateral epicondyle. Take a free major muscles anatomy quiz to test your knowledge, or review our muscle song video. Most anatomy courses will require that you at least know the name and location of the major muscles, though some anatomy courses will also require you to know the function (or action), the insertion and origin, and so on. Pectoralis major muscle :This is a superficial, large, fan shaped muscle that makes up the bulk of the pectoral (chest) region. It is caused by damage to the extensor tendon complex as it inserts onto the distal phalanx of any of the digits. Avascular necrosis of the proximal segment is a common complication. You walk Shorter to a street Corner. You ride Longer on a Superhighway. action: extend the neck ; retract and adduct scapulae, posterior PAD DAB ('Use your hand to dab with a pad'). They work on the hyoid bone, with the suprahyoid muscles pulling up and the infrahyoid muscles pulling down. For example, upper limb muscles are grouped by shoulder and arm, forearm and hand. Here's a mnemonic that summarizes the brachioradialis and helps you to remember it. Register now It has a long head and a short head. Adjacent muscles which serve similar functions are often innervated by the same nerve. origin: anterior sacrum The upper fibers act to extend the neck, elevate, and upwardly rotate. Origin: Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) Insertion: Extensor hood on radial side (lateral bands) Function: Flex MCP joint and extend PIP joint Innervation. Teres Major. Lumbricals:These are worm like muscles that originate from the tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus. Let's take a look at forearm flexion and identify the roles of the different muscles involved. The action makes sense when you consider the muscle's points of attachment. The human body has over 500 muscles responsible for all types of movement. Medial border: Insertion of 3 muscles Mnemonic: SLR - all supplied by nerves from ROOT of brachial plexus Anteriorly: Serratus anterior (Long thoracic nerve) Posteriorly: Superiorly: Levator scapulae (Dorsal scapular nerve) Inferiorly: Rhomboids - minor superior to major (Dorsal scapular nerve) SLR and SIT mnemonic for scapular muscle attachment b. It may seem strange that it is included in the anatomy of the upper limb. The opponens digiti minimi arises from the hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum. It is also capable of weakly supinating and pronating the forearm. This expression of trauma makes the hand appear to be dorsiflexed. Coracobrachialis muscle :The beauty of this muscle is that its name explains its origin, insertion, and action. The splenius group includes the splenius capitis and the splenius cervicis. Our engaging videos, interactive quizzes, in-depth articles and HD atlas are here to get you top results faster. Due to its course it has a "serrated" or "saw-toothed" appearance. It also assists in medial (anterior fibers) and lateral rotation (posterior fibers). [3] Origin and Insertion It acts to extend the pinky as well as the wrist. Diaphragm *Note the distinction between internal and innermost intercostal. The triceps brachii originates on the back of the scapula and humerus, and inserts on the back of the ulna in the forearm. These final muscles make up your calf. The muscles acts to flex the proximal IP joints as it primary function. Both of these muscles are innervated by the anterior interosseous branch. The head is balanced, moved and rotated by the neck muscles (Table 11.5). Muscles of the Upper Limb Pectoralis minor ORIGIN: anterior surface of ribs 3 - 5 ACTION INSERTION: coracoid process (scapula) Muscles Stabilizing Pectoral Girdle INNERVATION: pectoral nerves: protracts / depresses scapula (Anterior view) Serratus anterior ORIGIN: ribs 1 - 8 INSERTION: ACTION medial border of scapula stabilizes / depresses It has numerous muscles and has a complex range of movements. It is available for free. It acts as an adductor, medial rotator, and flexor of the arm at the shoulder joint. Trapezius muscle:This is a superficial, large, fan like muscle found on the back. They'll teach you everything you need to know about attachments, innervations and functions. The muscle can be divided into three sets of fibers: upper, middle, and lower. To easily remember the three origins of the deltoid, use the mnemonic provided below. A rotator cuff tear presents with general pain with overhead activities and may present with night pain. Hip Muscles | Anatomy, Support & Movement, Pectoralis Major Action, Function, Insertion & Origin, Erector Spinae Action, Origin & Insertion | Iliocostalis, Longissimus & Spinalis, Teres Major Muscle Action, Origin & Insertion | Teres Major Location, Multifidus Muscle | Origin, Insertion & Action, Pectoralis Minor | Origin, Action & Insertion, Establishing Boundaries in Massage Therapy, Deltoid Muscle Action, Origin & Insertion | Deltoid Muscle Function. There are a number of other joints in the region which all move in unison in order to generate a stable movement. Author: You can feel the temporalis move by putting your fingers to your temple as you chew. It commonly occurs following a fall onto an outstretched hand (FOSH). It inserts onto the radial surface of the 1st proximal phalanx. It is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve, a branch of the lateral cord of the brachial plexus. Insertion: Proximal, medial tibia (inferior to medial condyle) Brachioradialis muscle:This muscle lies between the flexor and extensor compartments of the forearm. The splenius muscles originate at the midline and run laterally and superiorly to their insertions. The hand (manual region) is the terminal end and focus of the upper limb. The Cardiovascular System: The Heart, Chapter 20. The muscle origin often describes the more proximal attachment point of the muscle, while the muscle insertion point refers to the distal attachment. Insertion: greater trochanter on the back of the femur The serratus anterior muscle originates from the 1st to 8th or 9th rib s and inserts at the anterior surface of the scapula. Although the tongue is obviously important for tasting food, it is also necessary for mastication, deglutition (swallowing), and speech (Figure 11.4.5 and Figure 11.4.6). It is the primary lateral rotator of the shoulder, it also modulates deltoid movement. The muscles of the neck are categorized according to their position relative to the hyoid bone (Figure 11.4.7). The closer we move to the hand the more muscles we begin to have, as our movements require finer and finer gradations. They also contribute to deep inhalation. John has taught college science courses face-to-face and online since 1994 and has a doctorate in physiology. It blends into the thoracolumbar fascia, which acts to stabilize the sacroiliac joints along with the gluteus maximus muscles. Don't forget to quiz yourself on the forearm flexors and extensors to consolidate your knowledge!
Hillsborough County Park Annual Pass, Articles M